Goals
What you'll be able to do- 🏖️ Talk about your holiday plans
- ❤️ Express your vacation tastes
- 📚 Conjugate reflexive (pronominal) verbs
- 👤 Object pronouns in the imperative
- 📝 Give advice / commands
- 🎵 The alternation [ɛ] / [ə] in se lever, s'appeler…
Discover
Three colleagues, three vacationsDialogue · Vivement les vacances !
Three colleagues — Max, Virginie and Anne — are talking about their holiday plans. Summer's almost here!
So tell me, ladies — where are you going for your holidays?
Me, I'm off to Arcachon to stay with family.
Really? You enjoy it there?
Yeah — well, my brother and his kids. I love going on holiday with them! We go to the beach, we swim, eat ice creams, relax… you know, the whole vacation thing!
Well, have fun! But the beach? I can't. I hate it! It's too hot! And I really don't like sleeping in hotels.
Oh? So what are you doing?
This year, Max and I are going camping in the Cantal, in the country. We really love quiet, nature… and camping. We love it!
Right — and you, Virginie, what about you?
I always go abroad. This year I'm stopping in Sicily. I've booked a hotel with a pool. I'm going to swim, read a bit, and sleep in late!
OK, calm down Virginie, and stop daydreaming. Come on, back to work!
Oh dear! Bring on the holidays!
💡 Notes
- Vivement les vacances ! = "Roll on the holidays!" / "Bring on the holidays!" — an exclamation of joyful impatience.
- Enfin, bref = "anyway", "to cut a long story short" — used to wrap up a list or explanation in casual speech.
- Arrêter de + infinitive = "to stop doing something". Arrête de rêver ! "Stop dreaming!"
- Allez, au travail ! = "Right, back to work!" — common pep-talk phrase.
- Arcachon: a seaside resort on the Atlantic coast, near Bordeaux. Famous for its oysters and the Dune du Pilat (Europe's tallest sand dune).
- Cantal: a rural department in the Massif Central — perfect for hiking and quiet.
Vocabulary
Words to rememberla mer
beach, swimming, sun
la montagne
hiking, skiing, calm
la campagne
nature, rest, animals
la ville
museums, restaurants, going out
| French | Type | English |
|---|---|---|
| s'amuser | v. | to have fun, to enjoy oneself |
| s'arrêter | v. | to stop |
| se baigner | v. | to swim, to bathe |
| bref | adv. | in short, anyway |
| café | n.m. | coffee; café |
| calme | adj. / n.m. | calm, quiet |
| se calmer | v. | to calm down |
| le camping | n.m. | camping; campsite |
| le casino | n.m. | casino |
| une glace | n.f. | ice cream; mirror |
| s'habituer à | v. | to get used to |
| une pause | n.f. | break, pause |
| une pause-café | n.f. | coffee break |
| la piscine | n.f. | swimming pool |
| la plage | n.f. | beach |
| se promener | v. | to take a walk, to stroll |
| se reposer | v. | to rest |
| se réveiller | v. | to wake up |
| se coucher | v. | to go to bed |
| se lever | v. | to get up, to stand up |
| se laver | v. | to wash (oneself) |
| la Sicile | n.pr. | Sicily |
| le soleil | n.m. | sun, sunshine |
| super | adj. | great, super |
| vivement ! | interj. | roll on…!, bring on…! |
| vraiment | adv. | really, truly |
Grammar
How French works① Reflexive (pronominal) verbs "se laver" — to wash oneself
Reflexive verbs are conjugated with a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nous, vous, se) placed before the verb. They usually describe an action you do to yourself.
| se laver (to wash oneself) | ||
|---|---|---|
| je | me lave | I wash (myself) |
| tu | te laves | you wash (yourself) |
| il / elle | se lave | he/she washes (him/herself) |
| nous | nous lavons | we wash (ourselves) |
| vous | vous lavez | you wash (yourself / yourselves) |
| ils / elles | se lavent | they wash (themselves) |
Common reflexive verbs:
- se réveiller "to wake up" · se lever "to get up" · se laver "to wash"
- s'habiller "to get dressed" · se promener "to go for a walk" · se baigner "to swim/bathe"
- se reposer "to rest" · se coucher "to go to bed" · s'amuser "to have fun"
- s'arrêter "to stop" · s'appeler "to be called" · se calmer "to calm down"
Negative form: ne + pronoun + verb + pas.
• Je ne me lève pas tôt. "I don't get up early."
• Elle ne se baigne pas dans la mer. "She doesn't swim in the sea."
💬 English-speaker tip: English uses "myself / yourself / themselves" for some of these ("I wash myself") but more often just drops the pronoun ("I get up", "I wake up"). In French the reflexive pronoun is compulsory — even when English doesn't use one. Think of se as glued to the verb: se lever = "to-get-up" as one unit. Many French reflexive verbs aren't really "to oneself" — they're just always-reflexive (s'amuser, s'arrêter, se promener) and you just have to learn them with their pronoun.
② Reflexive verbs in the imperative Giving instructions
In the affirmative imperative, the pronoun moves after the verb with a hyphen. Te becomes toi.
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| se coucher (tu) | Couche-toi ! | Ne te couche pas ! |
| se lever (nous) | Levons-nous ! | Ne nous levons pas ! |
| se promener (vous) | Promenez-vous ! | Ne vous promenez pas ! |
📌 Calme-toi ! "Calm down!" · Amuse-toi bien ! "Have fun!" · Reposez-vous ! "Get some rest!"
③ Object pronouns in the imperative "Listen to me!", "Watch it!"
In the present: Tu m'écoutes ? "Are you listening to me?" → In the affirmative imperative: Écoute-moi ! "Listen to me!"
The pronoun moves after the verb with a hyphen. Me becomes moi, te becomes toi.
| Affirmative | Negative |
|---|---|
| Écoute-moi ! | Ne m'écoute pas ! |
| Lève-toi ! | Ne te lève pas ! |
| Regarde-la ! | Ne la regarde pas ! |
| Appelle-nous ! | Ne nous appelle pas ! |
| Suivons-les ! | Ne les suivons pas ! |
📌 In the negative, the pronoun moves back before the verb (normal position). Me and te become normal again.
💬 English-speaker tip: English does the same thing — "Look at me!" not "Look at I!" — but English doesn't move the word around so dramatically. In French, the pronoun literally jumps from before the verb to after it (with a hyphen) when you switch to a positive command.
How to say it
Useful chunks❤️ Talking about vacation tastes
- J'adore les vacances avec les enfants ! "I love holidays with the kids!"
- Moi, la plage, j'aime beaucoup. "Me, I really love the beach."
- Le camping, on adore ça ! "We love camping!"
- L'hôtel, je n'aime pas du tout ! "I don't like hotels at all!"
- La nature, c'est vraiment beau ! "Nature is truly beautiful!"
📝 Giving advice / commands
- Calme-toi ! "Calm down!"
- Repose-toi bien ! "Get some good rest!"
- Amuse-toi bien ! "Have fun!"
- Arrête-toi de rêver ! "Stop daydreaming!"
- Allez, au travail ! "Come on, back to work!"
Practice
Try it outExercise 1 · Advice
Conjugate the reflexive verb in the imperative (tu or vous form).
- Tu es fatigué ce matin. Allez, pendant la pause. (se reposer, tu)
- Vous avez trop chaud ? ! (se baigner, vous)
- Bon, allez les enfants, bien ! (s'amuser, vous)
- Tu te lèves tard ? Mais non, à 7 h ! (se lever, tu)
- Votre train part à 6 heures du matin. tôt ! (se coucher, vous)
Exercise 2 · Don't do that!
Imagine 5 "don't…" pieces of advice for holidaymakers. Use the verbs below in the negative imperative.
Model: se baigner / la piscine de l'hôtel → Ne vous baignez pas dans la piscine de l'hôtel !
- se lever / tard →
- se coucher / tard →
- s'arrêter →
- se promener →
Exercise 3 · Holiday habits
Fill in with the right reflexive verb in the present.
- Cette année, en vacances, je à 10 heures du matin. (se lever)
- Mon frère dans la mer tous les jours. (se baigner)
- Nous bien le week-end. (se reposer)
- Vous avec les enfants ? (s'amuser)
- Mes parents à la campagne. (se promener)
- Tu à quelle heure ? (se coucher)
Exercise 4 · Object pronouns in the imperative
Transform as in the model.
Model: Tu m'écoutes ? → Écoute-moi !
- Tu m'appelles ce soir ? → !
- Vous nous suivez ? → !
- Tu regardes le film ? → !
- Vous prenez ces photos ? → !
- Tu invites les filles ? → !
Exercise 5 · Listening — How were the holidays?
Listen and decide whether each person's opinion is positive or negative.
| Person | Positive 👍 | Negative 👎 |
|---|---|---|
| Person 1 | ||
| Person 2 | ||
| Person 3 | ||
| Person 4 |
💡 Answers depend on the audio — check with your teacher.
Exercise 6 · Listening — The dialogue
Listen again to the Max / Anne / Virginie dialogue.
- How many people are speaking?
- Where is Anne going on holiday? →
- With whom?
- What does Max hate? →
- Where is Max going?
- And Virginie?
Communicate
Real-world tasks🎭 Holiday memories
Tell your partner about your last holidays. Add comments — was it positive or negative? Why?
Ideas: where you were · with whom · what you did · what you liked / hated · how long.
Useful vocabulary: se reposer · se baigner · se promener · s'amuser · adorer · détester · trop · pas assez · vraiment.
📋 Your ideal holiday programme
Imagine your ideal day on holiday: morning, midday, afternoon, evening. Use 5 different reflexive verbs.
Example: "Je me lève à 9 h, je me lave, je vais à la plage…"
Pronunciation
Sound focusThe [ɛ] / [ə] alternation in some verbs When the e changes sound
Some verbs in -eler or -ever have two different pronunciations depending on the person:
[ɛ] — open vowel (è)
When the e is stressed — mainly with je / tu / il / ils.
- Je me lève [lɛv]
- Tu te lèves
- Elle s'appelle [a-pɛl] (with double consonant)
- Ils se promènent
[ə] — schwa ("e muet")
When the e is unstressed — with nous / vous.
- Nous nous levons [lə-vɔ̃]
- Vous vous levez
- Nous nous appelons
- Vous vous promenez
👂 Exercise: identify the verb's person.
- Tu te lèves. →
- Vous vous promenez. →
- Ils s'appellent. →
- Nous nous appelons. →
- Il se lève. →
💬 English-speaker tip: [ɛ] is the open vowel of "bed" or "ten", a clear "eh" sound. [ə] is the neutral "uh" of unstressed English syllables (the a in "about"). To get them apart, open your mouth wider for "lève" and barely open it for "levons".